Social Studies Glossaries

Select names are used on this world map to create alphabetic A-H names for these continents and quasi-continents (spheres of cultural influence); Antarctica is not included because it does not have a permanent population.

Continents+

      1. (A) Africa (The South – Sub-Saharan Africa)
      2. (B) Brazil+ (The West – South America)
      3. (C) Cyrillic (The North – Russosphere)
      4. (D) Desert (The Middle – Israel & Islamosphere)
      5. (E) Europe (The West – Europe)
      6. (F) Far East (The East – Sinosphere)
      7. (G) Great Lands (The West – North America & Oceania)
      8. (H) Hindu+ (The Center – Indosphere)

Timeline

      • 0: Prehistoric
        • Stone Age: Tools & Language
      • A: Ancient River Valleys
        1. Fertile Crescent – Ancient Mesopotamia (D): Agriculture & Writing
        2. Nile River Valley – Ancient Egypt (A): Architecture & Writing
        3. Indus River Valley – Ancient India (H): Cotton Textiles & Writing
        4. Yellow River Valley – Ancient China (F): Irrigation & Writing
        5. Caral-Supe – Ancient Peru (B)
        6. Olmec – Ancient Mexico (G)
        7. Hellenes (Greeks) (not one of the river valleys) (E): Philosophy
      • B: Bronze Age & Iron Age
        1. Guinea Coast Africans (Nok) (A): Iron Metallurgy
        2. Zhonghua – Early Dynastic China (F): Silk
        3. Chavin (Peru) (B)
        4. Maya (Mexico) (G)
        5. Judaism (Hebrews) (D): Judeo-Christian Religious Origins
        6. Persians (Iranians) (I): Human Rights
        7. Romans (E): Administration
      • C: Classical Age
        1. North Africans (Carthaginians) (A): Alphabet
        2. Christianity (D): Christian Religious Origins
        3. South Asian Indians (Vedic Period) (H): Yoga
        4. Zhonghua – Early Imperial China (F): Bureaucracy
        5. Nazca (Peru) (B)
        6. Teotihuacán (Mexico) (G)
        7. Catholic Southern Europeans (E): Fine Arts & Emancipation
      • D: Dark Age & Medieval Age
        1. South Asian Indians (Gupta Empire) (H): Zero/Decimal System
        2. Muslims (Arabic Islam) (D): Physics
        3. Upper Nile (East) Africans (A): Coffee Ceremony
        4. Xiongnu – Mongols & Turkics (Tengrism) (F): Silk Road Trade
        5. Inca Civilization (Peru) (B)
        6. Aztec Civilization (Mexico) (G)
        7. Deutsche (Germans) & Protestant Northern Europeans (E): Printing
      • E: Early Modern Age
        1. Vietnamese & Buddhists (Mainland Southeast Asia) (F): Non-Violence/Ethical Living
        2. West Africans – Sahel (A): Music
        3. Latin Americans (B): Discovery
        4. British Isles (U.K. & Ireland) (E): Modern Languages & Literature
      • F: Formative Age
        1. Eastern Europeans with Russians (C): Chemistry
        2. Zhonghua – Modern China (F)
        3. Tenggara (Maritime Southeast Asia) (H): Spice
        4. Q – Equatorial Africans (A)
      • G: Global Age
        1. Americans (U.S.) & Canadians (G): Science
        2. Oceanians (G): Women’s Suffrage
        3. Southern Africans (A): Reconciliation
        4. Koreans & Japanese (F): Robotics

Americans (U.S.) & Canadians – Western Civilization

      • First Peoples
      • Colonies & Early Republic
      • Civil War & Civil Rights
      • Modern U.S. & Canada – U.N. & NATO
      • Human Understanding: Science

British Isles (U.K. & Ireland)

      • Celts, Vikings, & Anglo-Saxons
      • England, Wales, Scotland, & Ireland
      • British Empire & Western Esotericism
      • Commonwealth & Globalization
      • Human Understanding: Modern Languages & Literature

Christianity & Catholic Southern Europeans

      • Christ & Early Church
      • Medieval/Middle Ages
      • Renaissance & Reformation
      • Enlightenment & Romance Countries
      • Human Understanding: Fine Arts & Emancipation

Deutsche (Germans) & Protestant Northern Europeans

      • Teutonic Peoples & Norse Vikings
      • Holy Roman & Austro-Hungarian Empires
      • World Wars
      • Germans, Dutch, & Scandinavians
      • Human Understanding: Printing

Eastern Europeans with Russians

      • Balto-Slavic Peoples
      • Tsarist Russia
      • Soviet Era & Cold War
      • Eastern Europe with Russia
      • Human Understanding: Chemistry

Fertile Crescent – Ancient Mesopotamia

      • Sumerians
      • Akkadians
      • Babylonians
      • Assyrians
      • Human Understanding: Agriculture & Writing

Guinea Coast Africans – African Traditional Religions

      • Nok Culture & Hausa Kingdoms (Kano, Zaria, etc.)
      • Benin Kingdom & Yoruba Golden Age
      • Sokoto Caliphate & Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
      • Colonialism & Independence
      • Human Understanding: Music

Hellenes (Greeks)

      • Myceneans & Homeric Age
      • Classical & Hellenistic
      • Roman & Byzantine
      • Occupied & Independent
      • Human Understanding: Philosophy

Indus River Valley – Ancient India & South Asian Indians (Hinduism)

      • Harappan City Building & Indo-Aryan Migration
      • Vedic Period & Gupta Empire (Hindus)
      • Delhi Sultanate & Mughal Empire (+Jains)
      • British India & Modern India/Pakistan (+Sikhi)
      • Human Understanding: Cotton Textiles & Writing

Judaism (Hebrews)

      • Genesis & Exodus
      • Judges & Kingdoms
      • Jewish Diaspora & Yiddish
      • Israel & Palestine
      • Human Understanding: Judeo-Christian Religious Origins

Koreans & Japanese

      • Ancient Korea (Muism Shamanists) & Japan (Shintoists)
      • Goryeo Korea & Nara/Heian Japan
      • Joseon Korea & Shogunate Japan
      • Modern  Korea & Japan
      • Human Understanding: Robotics

Latin Americans

      • Indigenous
      • Conquistadors
      • African Diaspora
      • Latinos
      • Human Understanding: Discovery

Muslims (Arabic Islam)

      • Muhammad
      • Golden Age Caliphates
      • Islamic Empires
      • Modern Islamic World
      • Human Understanding: Physics

Nile River Valley – Ancient Egypt & North Africans

      • Ancient Egypt Kingdoms
      • Ptolemies & Carthage
      • Roman Mediterranean Coast
      • Islamic Maghreb
      • Human Understanding: Architecture & Writing

Oceanians

      • Australia (Dreamtime – Aboriginal Australians)
      • Melanesia
      • Micronesia
      • Polynesia
      • Human Understanding: Women’s Suffrage

Persians (Iranians)

      • Achaemenid Empire (Zoroastrianism)
      • Parthian Empire (+Yazidism)
      • Sassanian Empire (+Druze)
      • Islamic Persia (+Baha’i Faith)
      • Human Understanding: Human Rights

Q – Equatorial Africans

      • Bantu Kingdoms – Kongo & Ndongo
      • Congo Colony – Rubber & Minerals
      • Rwanda – Genocide & Rebuilding
      • Angola – Oil & Income Inequality
      • Human Understanding: Iron Metallurgy

Romans

      • Kingdom & Phoenicians
      • Republic vs. Carthage
      • Principate – Pax Romana
      • Fall of Empire
      • Human Understanding: Administration

Southern Africans

      • Khoisan with Bantu
      • Afrikaners
      • Apartheid & Reconciliation
      • Botswana Diamonds
      • Human Understanding: Reconciliation

Tenggara (Maritime Southeast Asia)

      • Javanese Hindu-Buddhist Kingdoms
      • Islamic Sultanates
      • Spice Trade & Colonization
      • Independence
      • Human Understanding: Spices

Upper Nile (East) Africans

      • Ethiopia (Axum/Aksum, Zagwe & Solomonic Dynasties)
      • Swahili Coast
      • Colonial Africa – Cairo to Cape Town
      • Independent Africa – East Africa Community
      • Human Understanding: Coffee Ceremony

Vietnamese & Buddhists (Mainland Southeast Asia)

      • Buddha & Mauryan India
      • Khmer Empire (Angkor) & Pagan (Bagan) Kingdom
      • Historical & Modern Vietnam
      • Independent & Occupied Tibet
      • Human Understanding: Non-Violence and Ethical Living

West Africans – Sahel

      • Tichitt Culture
      • Ghana (Wagadu) Empire
      • Mali Empire & Songhai Empire
      • Colonialism & Independence – Great Green Wall
      • Human Understanding: Gold and Salt Trade

Xiongnu – Mongols & Turkics (Tengrism)

      • Xiongnu of the Eurasian Steppes
      • Göktürk Khaganate & Huns
      • Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm & Mongols
      • Ottoman Empire & Modern Turkic Nations
      • Human Understanding: Silk Road Trade

Yellow River Valley – Ancient China

      • Shang Dynasty
      • Zhou Dynasty
      • Spring & Autumn Period
      • Warring States Period
      • Human Understanding: Irrigation & Writing

Zhonghua – Imperial China & Modern China

      • Imperial China Dynasties
      • Chinese Folk Religion
      • Confucianism/Ruism
      • Daoism/Taoism
      • Human Understanding: Silk